POI #2 Trafalgar Square(Rock Against Racism)



 


 


 


 

The Origins of Rock Against Racism

Rock Against Racism (Trafalgar square as POI) – Rock Against Racism was a campaign against growing racist tendencies in England and incorporated many elements of the punk movement. Several major figures in punk, including Red Saunders, The Clash, Elvis Costello, the Tom Robinson Band, and Steel Pulse collaborated alongside artists of other musical genres to organize marches and concerts in solidarity with anti-nazism and anti-racism groups. Rock Against Racism manifested as a response to Eric Clapton, who drunkenly advocated the anti-immigration policies of conservative politician Enoch Powell at a concert. Clapton was reported to have said that Britain should “get the foreigners out, get the wogs out, get the coons out”, and also chanting the National Front slogan “Keep Britain White” while onstage. He was quickly berated for his hypocrisy, since black music had helped significantly in Clapton’s career, including his cover of Bob Marley’s “I Shot the Sheriff”. Although Clapton’s remarks may have been the event that triggered the formation of Rock Against Racism, he was only part of a larger issue in England’s political realm. The National Front, a right-wing and neo-fascist party was gaining popular support and had the potential to become a strong force in the British parliament. Extremely high tensions were also present in the country with several instances of race violence, particularly among the Afro-Caribbean, Asian, and Indian populations. Punk rock music is often equated with left-wing, anti-establishment, and anti-fascist ideologies, so it was a natural partnership for the movement. The relationship between music and politics is shown through Rock Against Racism, and it greatly assisted in the political galvanization of London’s youth.

Political Organization and Concerts

Two major locations for events that were directly related to Rock Against Racism are Trafalgar Square and Victoria Park. Trafalgar was notable for the numerous marches and demonstrations that occurred there, one of which was a prelude to the concert at Victoria Park. The Socialist Workers Party played a major role in the organization of these events, strengthening both the Rock Against Racism movement and their own political standing. The rallies and marches at Trafalgar were often motivated by a desire to counteract the growing instances of racist rhetoric and attacks on minorities in England. This issue was exacerbated by the troubles that England faced during the 1970s, which a large number of anti-immigration advocates used to justify their actions and beliefs. This included scheduled rolling blackouts and three-day workweeks imposed as a result of Britain's economy struggling to stay afloat, several unions going on strike, social and class tensions, and significant portions of the youth population from all sides of the political spectrum that were quite agitated. Disillusionment with the monarchy on the left also bred conflict with the conservative elements of society, and became a focus in punk media and fashion.

Victoria Park was the venue for a massive all-day concert put together for Rock Against Racism and its supporters, attracting a crowd of 100,000 people in April of 1978. This was much more than the roughly 20,000 people that the event's organizers had expected, and served to popularize the movement even among those who came primarily for the music, and not for the political messages of the concert. For many of the concert's attendees, this was the punk equivalent to Woodstock, albeit on a somewhat smaller scale than the legendary music festival of the 1960s. Continuing the effects of the interview between the Sex Pistols and Bill Grundy, the Victoria Park concert brought widespread awareness to the punk counterculture and the political movements associated with it, including the aforementioned Socialist Workers Party.



Bibliography

Beckett, Andy. When the Lights Went Out: Britain in the Seventies. London: Faber, 2010. Lloyd, Peter Alan. “Punk and New Wave Bands, 1970s British Extremism and the Rock Against Racism Movement.” Bombed Out Punk. July 14, 2017. Accessed November 21, 2017. http://www.bombedoutpunk.com/bombed-out/photo-stories/punk-and-new-wave-bands-1970s-british-extremism-and-the-rock-against-racism-movement. Manzoor, Sarfraz. “1978, the year rock found the power to unite.” The Observer. April 20, 2008. Accessed November 23, 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/apr/20/popandrock.race. Richter, Hani. “The concert that rocked against racism.” Artefact Magazine. Accessed November 20, 2017. http://www.artefactmagazine.com/2015/11/03/the-concert-that-rocked-against-racism/.

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